Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) are on the rise in India and they are causing increased financial burden on the healthcare set up of the country. Intensive care unit (ICU) and other critical areas have higher incidence. These can be prevented by cleaning and disinfection practices.

Aim: The aim of the study was to see the role of titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) in reduction of HCAIs in ICU by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence and aerobic viable count methods.

Materials and Methods: We did a pilot study to see the effectiveness of surface disinfection by TiO2 by screening for reduction in microbial burden by ATP bioluminescence and aerobic viable count in the ICU and cardiac care unit wards of a tertiary care hospital.

Results: The results of ATP bioluminescence and aerobic viable counts were compared before and after surface disinfection of ICU. The P-value was calculated for results obtained by both methods the ATP bioluminescence and the aerobic viable count. The two-tailed P = 0.0004 for the reduction of the microbial count, which is statistically significant (<0.05), whereas the P-value by the ATP bioluminescence was not significant.

Conclusion: The ATP luminescence is an easy and efficient method in monitoring cleaning and disinfection in health-care facilities. There is a statistically significant reduction in microbial burden by aerobic viable count after application of nanocoating of TiO2 . However, the reduction in microbial burden measured by ATP luminometer is substantial but not statistically significant.