Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a complex medical condition that has been found to be associated with various factors, including advanced age, male gender, Asian ethnicity, smoking and hypertension. Despite the aforementioned associations, the relationship between lipid fractions and ICH remains ambiguous and has received limited attention in the literature, particularly with respect to Thai populations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential association between lipid levels and primary ICH. This study employed a retrospective case-control design and enrolled 314 primary ICH cases that presented at Rajavithi Hospital between 2012 and 2022. A control group of 366 subjects was established using an age-matching procedure and computer-generated randomization. Participants with coagulopathies or who were receiving anticoagulant therapy were excluded from the study. Participants with coagulopathies or who were receiving anticoagulant therapy were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was performed using binomial and multivariate logistic regression to evaluate the relationship between ICH and various factors. This study identified six factors that were independently associated with ICH through bivariate analysis, including male gender (Odd Ratio [OR] 2.497, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.829-3.407; p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (OR 1.023, 95%CI 1.016-1.029; p < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (OR 1.050, 95% CI 1.037-1.062; p < 0.001), total cholesterol (OR 0.994, 95%CI 0.991-0.998; p = 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (OR 0.985, 95%CI 0.975-0.995; p = 0.003) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (OR 0.994, 95%CI 0.991-0.998; p = 0.002). Multivariate logistic regression revealed five factors to be associated with ICH, including male gender (Adj. OR 1.904, 95%CI 1.293-2.803; p =0.001), elevated SBP (Adj. OR 1.024, 95%CI 1.017-1.032; p <0.001), elevated DBP (Adj. OR 1.051, 95%CI 1.037-1.064; p <0.001), decreased total cholesterol levels (Adj. OR 0.993, 95%CI 0.988-0.997; p =0.010) and decreased LDL (Adj. OR 0.994, 95%CI 0.990-0.999; p =0.010). HDL was found to not be significantly associated with ICH (Adj. OR 1.003, 95%CI 0.990-1.016; p=0.643). The results of this study suggest that male gender and elevated levels of SBP and DBP were independently associated with ICH, as were decreased levels of total cholesterol and LDL.

Natcha Ruangkiatkul has successfully attained the degree of Doctor of Medicine at the age of 25 years from Songkhlanakarind University in Thailand. Furthermore, she has accomplished a Diploma in Family Medicine from Ramathibhodi Hospital, Thailand, at the age of 29 years old. Subsequently, she completed her Master of Science in Gerontology and Ageing from King College, London, UK. Lastly, she obtained a Diploma in Preventive Medicine, Public Health from the Medical council of Thailand. Presently, she serves as the Director of Miracle of Life Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. In addition she also holds the position of Assistant Director at Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.