Introduction: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is high. Vitamin D plays a critical role in diabetes management and prevention. It acts more like a hormone to regulate insulin sensitivity and pancreatic beta-cell function. Numerous studies indicate that vitamin D deficiency is strongly associated with an increased risk of developing type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Vitamin D is recognized as one of the 12 factors (dirty dozen) associated with the development of diabetes mellitus. This study was done to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D level with the status of blood glucose levels.

Methods: It was a retrospective, purposive, real-life study from24-11-2022 to 18-12-2024. Data from 1006 patients were compiled and analyzed. All of them were diagnosed diabetic patients who attended a private chamber. Diabetes was diagnosed according to the American Diabetes Association 2017 criteria. A vitamin D level of 30-100ng/ml is optimal; a blood level of vitamin D of 20 - 29 ng/ml was taken as an insufficient state, and that of less than 20 was a deficient state.  Vit D (25Hydroxy D= sum of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3) was determined by Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA). Blood glucose estimation involves measuring glucose levels in blood plasma, using enzymatic methods such as glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOD-POD) or hexokinase. HbA1C was estimated by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and it conforms to NGPs and is traceable to DCCT (Diabetes Control and Complications Trial). The statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 27.

Results: A total of 1006 patients with Vitamin D Deficiency were evaluated after omission of missing data. Among 1006 clinic patients with hypovitaminosis D, vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was present in 807 patients and vitamin D insufficiency (21–30 ng/mL) in 189 patients. Uncontrolled glycaemia (HbA1c >7%) was significantly more common among patients with vitamin D deficiency compared with vitamin D insufficiency (478 vs 122 patients, χ²=25.8, p<0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased odds of poor glycemic control (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.69–3.28).Mean HbA1c was 8.2 ± 1.4% in the vitamin D deficiency group versus 7.4 ± 1.1% in the insufficiency group (p=0.01). Conclusion: The majority of hypovitaminosis (1006) had uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Low vitamin D was positively associated with type 2 diabetes and inversely related to HbA1c.

Khwaja Nazim Uddin completed MBBS from Dhaka Medical college. Earned (FCPS) from Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeon (BCPS). He was awarded FACP and FRCP in 2007. He served as professor of medicine and senior consultant BIRDEM. Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitaton in Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders- an institute dedicated for service of the diabetic population. He served as executive editor of Birdem medical journal(birdemmedj). He is a faculty of medicine of BCPS and editorial board member of Journal of BCPS. He is an Examiner as well as reviewer of thesis, dissertation. He has over 82 publications.